Mesh Watermarking Based on Stable Meshes Detection

Watermarking 3D meshes is very important in many areas of activity including digital cinematography, virtual reality as well as in CAD design. Due to the complexity of 3D meshes, mesh watermarking schemes are far from the maturity of watermarking algorithms dedicated to audio, image or video watermarking. According to our knowledge, no existing scheme is robust against all attacks. To verify a good trade-off between invisibility and robustness, a new approach of 3D mesh watermarking algorithm based on MSMs detection is proposed in this paper. In this algorithm, only invariant regions are marked.

These invariant regions are called Maximally Stable Meshes (MSMs) and they present an extension of the well-known Maximally Stable Extremal Regions (MSER) detected for 2D images. First, an efficient way to detect MSMs in 3D meshes by using curvature measures of vertices is presented. Then, obtained MSMs are marked with a geometric watermarking scheme. The experimentations show that this new watermarking is robust against numerous attacks including rotation, zooming, translation, cropping, simplification, and remeshing. Moreover, it gives a good invisibility and a blind extraction.